Botulinum Toxins
Botulinum toxin (BTX) is used to treat spasticity and dystonia. It is commonly known as Botox. The botulinum toxin is used to treat spasticity and dystonia. Botox for blepharospasm, hemifacial spasm, oromandibular dystonia, migraines, chronic daily headaches, spasticity, cervical dystonia, foot dystonia and other focal dystonias.Botulinum Toxin treats…
- Focal dystonias — involuntary, sustained, or spasmodic patterned muscle activity
- Cervical dystonia (spasmodic torticollis)
- Blepharospasm (eyelid closure)
- Hyperhyrosis
- Limb dystonia (writer’s cramp)
- Oromandibular dystonia
- Spasticity — velocity-dependent increase in muscle tone
- Stroke
- Traumatic brain injury
- Cerebral palsy
- Multiple sclerosis
- Spinal cord injury
- Nondystonic disorders of involuntary muscle activity
- Hemifacial spasm
- Disorders of localized muscle spasms and pain
- Tension headache
- Migraine headache
Types of Botulinum Toxin
- Xeomin™ (IncobotulinumtoxinA) - cervical dystonia, blepharospasm
- Dysport™ (AbobotulinumtoxinA) - cervical dystonia, moderate-to-severe glabellar lines
- Botox™ (OnabotulinumtoxinA)
- Myobloc™ (Rimabotulinumtoxin B) - cervical dystonia
The Mechanism of Action of Botulinum Toxin
Deep Brain Stimulation
Deep brain stimulation is a surgical treatment that involves implanting a pacemaker in the brain. The pacemaker sends electrical signals to specific parts of the brain to reduce chronic pain and movement disorder symptoms. Deep brain stimulation is a highly effective treatment option. [Click here to learn more about Deep Brain Stimulation…]
EMG Guidance
EMG guidance is a tool that allows neurologists to detect abnormal muscle activity in spastic or dystonic muscles. The abnormal muscles that are spastic or dystonic are tensed when the patient is relaxed, so the physician will hear abnormal muscle noise which allows us to identify the abnormal muscle.
